Interesting biography of Dostoevsky

The fate of Fedor Dostoevsky is largely similar to the fate of his heroes: losses, trials, a wave of glory and at the same time terrible poverty. We decided to recall how the great writer lived, and tell you about some of his oddities of his character. Dostoevsky, an author who sung Petersburg in Moscow, spent his childhood and youth. In his works, the city becomes a living acting person.

Of these, I have favorites, there are short friends; One of them intends to treat this summer with an architect. I will deliberately go every day so that they do not heal somehow, save him Lord! .. The father, who left military service, found a place at the Mariinsky hospital for the poor. And although the salary in this institution was very modest and the family could not afford the superfluous, the childhood of the future writer was relatively happy.

The love of parents, family readings, trips to the village and even her nanny-fairy-tale Alena Frolova, whom Fedor Dostoevsky recalled with warmth and love: “She, children, raised and went out of all of us. It was then about forty -five, the character of a clear, cheerful and always told us such glorious fairy tales! Father insisted on the receipt of two eldest sons, Mikhail and Fedor, to the Main Engineering School.

Subsequently, Fedor Dostoevsky, who had already dreamed of literature, called this decision a big mistake. See also: Dostoevsky and art: beloved authors, artists and musicians of the writer from youth suffered from epilepsy love of writing in Dostoevsky as a child. In the year, Fedor and his elder brother Mikhail were determined in the elite boarding house Chermaka, located on the new Basmann Street.

The teaching staff of the educational institution tried to maintain a family atmosphere and develop talents of students. Among the others, the Dostoevsky brothers were especially distinguished by teachers of the Russian language Nikolai Ivanovich Bilevich, the translator and writer, who kept his wards in the course of literary events. Stay in the boarding house did not foresee trouble, but it was there that Fedor Dostoevsky had the first seizure of the Paduchi of Epilepsy.

Further events in the life of the writer only worsened his health. The loss of a mother, an unloved profession of an engineer, participation in the circle of Petrashevtsev and, as a result, the court and the terrible sentence to the conspirators. A serious nervous shock was caused by the staging of the execution of Petrashevtsev: only on the Semenovsky parade ground, where the prisoners were taken away to commit punishment, they were announced that the “death penalty” was replaced by a link to Siberia.

It was in hard labor that Dostoevsky officially diagnosed epilepsy. He became the founder of the genre of psychological prose after exile and military service, where Dostoevsky was sent to complete the sentence, he returned to Petersburg with his first wife Maria Isaev. This happened in December, and already in M ​​the two -volume of his works came out. This "premiere" turned out to be almost unnoticed: during the author’s imprisonment they managed to resign.

New fame was brought to the writer “Notes from the Dead House” created in Siberia.

Until now, none of the writers concerned the topic of hard labor and hard labor. Therefore, “Notes by Herzen compared the work with the fresco“ The Last Judgment ”of Michelangelo, Dostoevsky himself was called“ Russian Dante ”. And yet this was just the beginning of the glorious career of the author. The real peak of his work was the period from the years in which the novels “Crime and Punishment”, “Demons”, “Idiot” were written.

These and other texts of Fedor Dostoevsky seriously influenced the work and philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, Franz Kafka, Albert Camus and other famous writers. See also: as Fedor Dostoevsky changed the world accused himself of molesting the young people according to the memoirs of his contemporaries, Dostoevsky was the kind of passionate, enthusiastic and if the Englishman Charles Dickens talked with his heroes, saw them in a dream and met on the streets, then Dostoevsky lived their lives.

He came on foot all Raskolnikov’s routes, tried on the role of a “praying old man” from the “uncle sleep” and wrote whole letters to Golyadkin’s syllable “double”. But the most shocking in this whole story was his recognition in the rape of minors. There are at least three evidence that Dostoevsky accepted the sin of Svidrigailov and Stavrogin. One of the cases was retold by Dmitry Grigorovich: the author of “Crime and Punishment” and “Demons” attended the court in the case of rape of a minor, and then went to look for the girl’s address for something.

The second certificate was the letter of the boulevard writer of capital Nazaryeva, where she retold the recognition of Dostoevsky. According to this text, the famous writer carried both the girl and her governess. And Ivan Turgenev became the third witness. Fedor Mikhailovich also “admitted” to him that he took up the baby, and subsequently corrupted her. Turgenev himself considered this case a mystification: his colleague in Peru did not have any adopted daughter.

Modern researchers consider the fiction and all other confessions in pedophilia.Apparently, here Dostoevsky tried to survive the spiritual torment of his heroes. The story of the death of a nine-year-old girl with whom the writer was friends in childhood is much more like the truth: “And some kind of bastard, drunkenly, raped this girl, and she died, bleeding. All my life, this memory pursues me as the most terrible crime, as the worst sin for which there is no forgiveness and cannot be.

” See also: “I added to the devils”: the evil spirits in Dostoevsky’s novels were very popular during his lifetime, but he made ends meet as we already said, Dostoevsky’s popularity after “Notes from the Dead House” beat all records. However, this did not bring him money. The author’s addiction to the roulette in Baden-Baden played his role here, he lost a lot of money, and the writer's rate: they paid rubles for the printed sheet, while Lev Tolstoy was not lucky with the contract.

According to the dragon conditions of the “Russian messenger”, Fedor Dostoevsky was supposed to write and transfer the new novel in 26 days. Otherwise, he would lose their fees and copyrights to his former works. A friend, writer Alexander Milyukov, helped to get out of the difficult situation. He found the best stenographer in St. Petersburg - young Anna Snitkin. A little less than a month, she did not depart from the writer and recorded the course of his thoughts.

So the novel “Player” was born, and Anna herself became the wife of Dostoevsky, who was widowed at that time. Despite the intravital poverty, the writer's funeral was magnificent. According to Jurgen Leman, the author of the book “Russian Literature in Germany”, about 40 thousand people came to say goodbye to the writer. Books on the topic.