Biography outstanding people

Discuss on forum 1. Genghis Khan GG. The lord of the Mongols created the greatest empire in history, which subordinated the huge spaces of Eurasia from the Japanese Sea to Black in the 13th century. The great and ancient states are swept away from the face of the earth: the Khorezmshakhov state, the Chinese Empire, the Baghdad Caliphate, and most of the Russian principalities are scheduled from the face of the earth.

The huge territories were put under the management of the steppe law, which was called "Yasa". But unlike other conquerors, for hundreds of years before the Mongols who prevailed over Eurasia, only Genghis Khan managed to organize a stable state system and make Asia before Europe not just an unknown steppe and mountain space, but consolidated by civilization. It was within its borders that the Turkic revival of the Islamic world began then, with his second onslaught after the Arabs, almost gaining Europe.

In the state of the Mongols, the principle of relief was established. Travelers described that in front of the tent of the great khan stood a church, a mosque, a Buddhist pagoda and dancing shamans. But the most important thing is that Genghis Khan was a kind of apocalyptic reminder to the European Christian and Asian Islamic worlds. Following the decades of the feuds in which co -religionists exterminated each other for a piece of earth or placing gold coins, the "scourge of God" comes and takes away the earth, gold, and the very life.

The Mongols and, in general, the peoples of Asia revere Genghis Khan as the greatest hero and reformer, almost as the embodiment of the deity. In the European, including Russian memory, he remained a kind of pre-heating crimson cloud, which appears in front of a terrible, all cleansing storm. Martin Luther g. The Erfurtan student, who received the degree of a master of "free arts", has been experiencing such a strong attack of the "fear of God" by the year that he decides to devote himself to the work of the Catholic Church and is tonsured in the Augustian Order.

There, he indulges in ascet and comprehends the depths of dogmatic theology. If Rome knew what kind of "humble slave" he would give a priestly dignity and the title of a doctor of theology! The painful search for truth and a stressful study of the Holy Scripture led Luther to the conclusion that the sparkling building of the Roman Church, which has been built over almost the whole Christian world for centuries, is nothing more than a decorated tomb.

Their result is the emergence of the “free” European Christianity of Protestantism, the fundamental feet of whose dogmas are recognized as the absolute authority of the Holy Scriptures, the “personal faith” as the cornerstone of human salvation, the doctrine of the “universal priesthood” of the absence of some special fertile tradition, which can exist, which can exist, independent of the moral look of the carriers of the dignity.

Luther showed with his example what one person could do if he is endowed with will, faith and performance. Luther would have managed to do even more if during the peasant war under the leadership of Thomas Münzer did not call for reprisal against the rebels. This movement took place under the obvious religious Protestant slogans, saying that the rebels understood Christianity as a religion of social equality, opposing injustice and oppression.

Having sided with the princes and aristocrats, Luther put the entire professional heat of the Reformation only at the service of the North European opponents of the Holy Roman Empire. This ensured the final reconciliation of Protestantism with Catholicism. Pope Gregory VII near gg. The Kluni preached, on the one hand, the renunciation of the clergy from the secular lifestyle, and on the other, the liberation of the church from the influence of secular power.

Guildenbrand became a fierce champion of both. His struggle for the establishment of the Church’s power over the secular world of emperors, kings and barons began at the time, when he became a cardinal and closest adviser to Lev IX’s pope at first, he first achieved that the pope began to be appointed without the consent of the imperial authority of the collegium of the Cardinals by the bishops of the Roman region, priests of the main Roman churches and several deacons consisting of the pope and his focus temple.

Guildenbrand overcame the resistance of the secular aristocracy, but did not dare to occupy the throne after the death of Leo, putting Alexander II after him, and he himself finally became a dad, managing the church for up to a year. The Papacy of Gregory VII is the history of victories and defeats. The highest point of this pontificate is the winter of the year, when Emperor Henry IV, excommunicated from the Church, was supposed to come to Kanossu and there for three days on his knees to ask for forgiveness for three days.

The lower is the year when the emperor took revenge, choosing Clement III to the papal throne, then nicknamed the Antipapa.

Gregory VII came to the point that Rome gave the Muslims of Robert Gviskar, who settled in Sicily, to plunder the bloodthirsty Normans and Saracens.Then, horrified by the deed, he retired to Salerno, where he died in a year, saying before his death: "All my life I loved the truth and hated lawlessness, for which I die in exile." All power was considered to them below the papal.

The whole world should lie at his feet. No wonder it was in the era of Gildenbrand's active activity that the church was split into the Orthodox and Roman. The principles of the church structure formulated by Gregory VII formed the basis of the phenomenon that was called Roman Catholicism, and it was they who determined for centuries and largely determined his face today.

Vladimir Ulyanov-Lenin GG. The Simbir gymnasium student, who over time, founded the victorious party of the Bolsheviks, of course, was not a religious figure in the sense in which it is customary to understand. But the charge of the progressive or destructive? The communist belief in a bright future, for which you need to die or live in torment today, replaced with itself for millions of people and Christianity, Islam, and many other religions.

The name of Lenin with sacred trepidation was pronounced for decades in different parts of the Earth. Pronounce today. What is for these unknown black, yellow, red, white adherents of communism Vladimir Lenin? What kind of terrible lie he saw in the organization of the world, with what words he managed to call her so that he was heard and understood on all continents? Did he say that "there is no God, which means everything is allowed"?

That "socialism is right" absolutely? Or in a ridiculed and seemingly parody formula about communism, which is "Soviet power plus electrification of the whole country", as in the Buddhist Mantra, is a terrible magical power? Is the image of the "great and wise" Lenin, created by the Stalinist liars and executioners, religious myth? The riddle of the leader of the Russian revolution has not yet been solved.

A book that would reveal his secret has not yet been written. The passionate hatred of him, as well as fanatical love, who has not yet cooled in humanity, still do not make it possible to look at him objectively, with cold impartiality. One thing is obvious. Lenin is a so -mystical figure in his total realized nihilism that, out of studying his personality, an understanding of the religious history of mankind is simply impossible.

The Orleans Virgin appeared, as it were, from the heart of France in order to save a weak, cowardly and treacherous dofin, to erect it to the throne of her country, to win several victories, to turn the British to flight. The meaning of the feat of a fragile peasant girl is hidden from the people of the New Age. She heard otherworldly voices some considered them angelic, others - on the contrary, was an orphan, saw cruelty and murder.

The short life of Jeanne was subordinated to one idea, which was completely not unconditional either from the point of view of contemporaries, and even more so enemies who sent her to the fire as a harmful and dangerous witch. Dauphin, when he became the king, she no longer needed alive, and the dead are easier to adapt to serve people, as well as their self -interest and their money.

Jeanne stopped the army, turned the troops, took the fortresses. Her voices were with her until blood spilled. She dedicated her life to the king, and when he betrayed her, she could no longer live. Voltaire laughed at Jeanne. To call the Virgin whore was in the style of an acute century. However, the century dealt with the virgins, and over the kings, and over whores, and over the wits.

The century even dealt with her closest associate - Jules de Rae, whom children know as a blue beard, a gloomy murderer and a libertine. And he was her faithful knight and associate. He saw how she was captured, but could not save her, and his life no longer made sense, no matter how the memory that remained for centuries had no sense did not make sense. Oliver Cromwell Gg.

Cromwell came from a very successful Puritan family. One of his ancestors, the agent of the Reformation Thomas Cromwell, was executed at the peak of his career. The pragmatist by convictions, he made a fortune, successfully married, was elected to the parliament and became one of the opposition leaders. In the year, when the conflict between the parliament and the king passed into the decisive phase, Cromwell threw meetings and began the formation of combat detachments.

For the sake of business, he did not spare his strength and, all the more relatives, for example, confiscated his uncle's property to arm the army. Cromwell controlled all financial and personnel issues, willingly accepted the poor in the army, awarded officer ranks for courage, and not for origin. There was iron discipline in the army, its soldiers sang religious hymns before the battle and crowded the royal troops so successfully that the enemy could not believe that the head of the middle hand was not at the head.

Cromwell personally insisted on the execution of the king. And it was a turning point not only of his biography, but also of the whole history of Europe. For the first time, a person, called the "anointed of God" and whose principle they tried to explain "divine laws", was found guilty of a crime against the people, in inciting the civil war. His blood shocked the world and thrones.

Cromwell was a tough religious fanatic.He forbade luxury, closed theaters and canceled public amusements. Its place in history would be less noticeable if it were not for the unfortunate King Karl, for the happiness of the fruit and in fact turned out to be a tyrant and oath -criminal. The personality of Lord Oliver cannot but cause disgust for all adherents of the romantic concept of world history.

His practicality and ability to put the sincere fanaticism of their followers in the service of earthly interests cannot but attract the curiosity of those who strove and seek to control the world with the help of religious slogans and money. Napoleon Bonaparte GG. He was born in the Corsican town of Ayaccio, was ascended to the peaks of glory with the help of the French Revolution, became an emperor and married the emperor’s daughter, was defeated and died on a small island in the South Atlantic.

What allows us to bring Napoleon into the number of people who fundamentally influenced the religious history of the world? Of course, it is not enough for us that even during his lifetime, an apocalyptic beast was suspected of him and sought in the letters his name is a hidden number to us that he was the first to dare, having dragged a dad for this, to put on the imperial crown, without being considered with the opinion of all other kings and emperors, “let them not think that I am going to beg for someone: I have enough of my own: I have enough of my own: Trons, to give them to my family, ”he wrote to Murat.

It is not even enough for us that it was his "Civil Code" that determined and still determines the foundations of European jurisprudence, giving a completely new understanding to such a term as "human rights". Napoleon completely changed the idea of ​​the role that the personality can play in history. He knew how to force himself to love himself with almost religious love. In the battles, his grenadiers went to death only in order to shout at his last moment: “Long live the emperor!

Which of you wants to shoot at his emperor? Napoleon will always remain a symbol of human capabilities, will and, perhaps, youth who is ready to destroy himself for such a ghostly concept as“ glory ”.