Morozov is a brief biography

Morozov Alexander, he stood at the origins of domestic tank building, thanks to him Soviet armored vehicles won the reputation of the best in the world. Morozov’s creative heritage, his ideas and achievements did not lose their relevance to this day. The childhood and youth of Alexander Morozov Alexander Aleksandrovich Morozov was born on October 16 29 in the village of Bezhitsa, which is now in Bryansk.

With its heyday, the runic was owed to the Bryansk railway factory founded in the year. For many years, Alexander Dmitrievich Morozov, the father of the designer, worked here for many years. Four of his children - Alexander, Anna, Vera and Nikolai - were brought up in severity. Mother Ekaterina Vasilievna had a great influence on the children. She taught them hard work, modesty, honesty.

Shortly before the First World War, the family moved to Kharkov, where Morozov Sr. settled down a locksmith at the Kharkov steam locomotive factory. His eldest son Alexander since childhood had a tendency to create all kinds of mechanisms. He drank something all the time, stricting, pinching. Technical ingenuity and a serious character made it authority among the boys of his native street.

But, like all of them, Sasha liked to drive the ball in the wasteland or run to the Lopan river. The education of Alexander Morozov before the revolution, Alexander Morozov, first studied in a private elementary school, then at a real school. A considerable part of the salary of his father went to pay for the training, but his son did not let him in - he brought only good and excellent marks.

The revolution broke the usual course of things. Only in December, the Soviet government firmly established himself in the city. By this time, the summer Alexander Morozov worked as a scribe of technical documentation at a steam locomotive factory. In October, the young man was appointed a younger drawer, and from May-the drawer-designer of the tractor-technical office at the factory.

In this position, Morozov took part in the development of mechanisms for the Kommunar caterpillar tractor. From November to September Alexander served in the Red Army.

He served as a motorist in the air squadron in Kyiv, and after demobilization he returned to his native factory and received a distribution to the tank design group. This event became a turning point in the biography of Alexander Morozov: from now on, his fate was connected with tanks. To improve qualifications from the GG. Morozov, without interruption from production, studied at the correspondence department of the Moscow Auto -Tractor Institute and at the evening department of the Kharkov Machine -Building College.

Having received a “tractor” specialty, Morozov began a new promising work - the creation of tanks. Important inventions of Alexander Morozov by the beginning of the x. The presence of its own mass tank was considered a guarantee of military power, and the battles of World War II confirmed the case of this view. Initially, Morozov was a member of the Tank Tank, which became a “pen of the pen” of a young designer.

The project was fully developed by the forces of the Kharkov designers, but according to the test results, the army leadership preferred the Leningrad development of TG to him, however, it soon became clear that this tank was too expensive and non -brutal. The output calculated the acquisition of a license for the production of tanks of the American company Christie, on the basis of which in the year they began to develop their own wheels and a batch tank.

By the middle of the x. In addition, in May, he graduated from tank commanders, which gave the engineer a look at the combat vehicle from the inside. M. Koshkin was appointed the chief designer, his deputy became A. The Kharkov designers set the task of further modernization of the BT-7, while M. Koshkin convinced I. Stalin of the need to start working on a purely caterpillar tank in addition to the wheat-and-gosenic.

So was born T, the great "thirty -four". After the death of Koshkin, in September, Morozov headed the KB and introduced a new tank into serial production with an accelerated pace. The organizational abilities and talent of the designer were fully revealed in Morozov during the evacuation of the plant to Nizhny Tagil. Alexander Alexandrovich constantly improved the main Soviet tank of the Great Patriotic War, and as a result of its deep modernization, by the beginning of the year, a magnificent average tank of T.THER DOOGING TOMENTIONS was released by several tank factories, over 70 “thirty -four” different modifications were produced.

Almost immediately with the launch in the series T. Morozov began designing a new tank taking into account the accumulated combat experience and new technical capabilities. The main requirements for the tank were the strengthening of firepower, increased protection armor and the ability to overcome water barriers. After the “intermediate” T, T, the first prototypes of which were created in the year.

In the year, A. Morozov returned to Kharkov as the chief designer. Enerfully and sequentially, he began creating a “best tank in the world” T - with increased maneuverability and automatic loading, mm gun, combined armor, new chassis, strong engine.It was a conceptually new machine - with the speed and mobility of the middle tank, with the protection and fire power of the heavy.

In fact, A. Morozov created a new type - the main combat tank of CB. The T was followed by T, which still consists in the service of a number of armies, and in his last development T, the designer embodied the ideas about the uninhabited tower, hydro -volume transmission, the interchangeability of crew members in the performance of combat missions, a strong engine with combat weight of 38–39 tons, etc.

In many respects, the designer for 40 years anticipated the main ideas of modern “Armata”. The family and personal life of Alexander Morozov Alexander Alexandrovich belonged to the generation of workers and enthusiasts living in their own business. Morozov’s place of work was often not the second, but his first house. The wife of the designer Nina Mitrofanovna, with understanding, belonged to her husband’s tense schedule, supported him in everything.

The Morozov family grew two sons, Alexander and Eugene. The latter followed in the footsteps of his father and became a designer in the Kharkov design bureau of engineering KHBM. The death and funeral of Alexander Morozov, despite the fact that already in the year 39, A. Morozov suffered a heart attack, he did not recognize the vacations and weekends, working for wear. The doctors called for a rest, but the chief designer dismissed, until the last remaining in the workplace.

He died on June 14 in Kharkov, not having lived until 75 years. All day to the coffin established in the factory house of culture, there were people who wanted to say goodbye to a person who did so much to protect their country. A. Awards and Prizes of Alexander Morozov were buried for merits in the field of tank building A. Morozov in and GG. For achievements in the development of new tanks, he received Stalin three times, and once the Lenin prize.

Morozov had the title of Major General of the Technical Forces and the degree of Doctor of Sciences Memory and the Trace of Alexander Morozov in culture, Alexander Morozov, made a huge contribution to the defense of the Soviet Union, to the creation of formidable military equipment. His achievements and ideas laid the beginning of the “frost” school of tank building, which still affects the development of tank thought.

Of great interest for historians of science and technology is the designer’s diary published in the year, which tells about the ups and downs of the development of various tanks models.