Alkidam biography

Samara state. So the power of V. Rozanov is still seriously, that Alkid and Femistoklis are just “miserable dolls, an angry mockery of those that no one has ever mocked” 1, “dolls, miserable and funny, like all other figures of Dead Souls” 2. 3 captured and noted important, undoubtedly, features of the image of Gogol characters, including Femistoklus and Alkid, who are interested in us, however, however, a significant clarification that in the “dead souls” “there are no longer the grotesque images of a doll, masks, a machine gun”, although “a trace of grotesque images has remained”, felt “in a special presentation of details, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait, portrait The situation, in the special development of comparisons, etc.

This grotesque trace remained in the images of Manilov’s children, but he expresses, of course, not an evil mockery of a symbolic interpretation of childhood and figure of a child, but understanding the place of children's images in the general picture of the Manilov world: “What dear children,” Chichikov said, looking at them; - And what is the year? Chichikov raised several an eyebrow, hearing such a partly Greek name, which, unknown why, Manilov gave the end to the YUS, but tried to bring his face to an ordinary position.

Here, the teacher drew all attention to Femistoklus and seemed to wanted to jump into his eyes, but finally he completely calmed down and nodded his head when Femistoklis said: Paris. The teacher set up attention again. Here is a smallest, alkid, he is not so fast, and this one now, if something meets, a bug, a goat, so he suddenly has eyes and run away; He will run after her and immediately pay attention.

I read him in the diplomatic part. At this time, the Messenger wiped behind the footman and made it very well, otherwise I would have sunk into the soup of the VIs at the soup, ”it was indicated that Gogol had“ several children's figures ”“ have no child psychology ”6; There is no one, in the sense of which we can talk about child psychology in the same Dostoevsky or L. The psychological truth in how feminum-zita-to-cytages 8 are transparently hinting at the source of the nomination, a state and military leader from Athens, and called the greatest Herahu, the greatest herard in the names of the nomination 8.

Ancient Greek mythology, the son of the god Zeus and Alkmen, the wife of the Theban king Amphitrion and on the potentially heroic biography of carriers of names, pre -proper development of the life plot in accordance with the prototypical scenario. Femistoklus and Alkid received names not according to the Christian holies, but they were named - and were not named by chance - in honor of the ancient Greek heroes, the hero of the historical and the hero of the mythological; Thus, the aesthetic preferences of Manilov appeared under the influence of the culture of sentimentalism of its mass variety, including the fashion for ancient names, the consequence of the mythological education of the Russian society, which was actively carried out in the XVIII century with the aim of Europeanization of the country 9.

The popularization of ancient mythology and history becomes noteworthy that the mannils, which are maninov, was in the event of a manner. confusion from a strange request to sell dead souls, the interests of the state are primarily preoccupied; He is worried, “will this non -relevant civil decrees and further types of Russia will not be appropriate? And he calms down when Chichikov assures him, “that the treasury will even gain benefit, because he will receive legal duties” VI, the blasphemous nature of the Chichikov’s proposal, he does not seem to notice: civil decisions are more important for him than Christian values.

Giving children pagan names, Manilov, and in this act, was unlikely to see any blasphemous meaning, since they are included even in Christian, but in state holy. In the army, Manilov was “considered a modest, delicate and educated officer” VI, if the epithets are modest and delicate related to Manilov’s household sentimentalism, then the epithet educated precisely and implies acquaintance with ancient history and mythology, which was useful when creating children with significant names.

The importance for Manilov’s interests of the state speaks not only to Chichikov’s question “such a deep expression”, which showed “in all the features of the face” and “in the compressed lips”, “which, perhaps, was not seen on the human face, unless of some too intelligent minister, and even then in the moment of the very head-to-date work,”, but also unfolding in his imagination, “that they are plot Together with Chichikov, they arrived in some society, in good carriages, where they charm everyone with the pleasantness of the appeal, and that the sovereign, who had learned about such a friendship, granted their generals, "VI, a sudden increase in the rank, is contributed to the pleasantness of the appeal, appreciated by the sovereign, is committed in the space of a dream.

One might think that state considerations generated by this space determine and motivate the choice by Manilov children's names that immediately increase the newborn in the rank, turning them into future heroes, corresponding to the further types of Russia, calling the youngest son Alkid, could well imagine himself not a minister and not a general, but something like Zeus himself.

It is not for nothing that he reads the diplomatic field for Femistoklus: there is nothing impossible for the Almighty Zeus. Chichikov, for example, is sure that the Chairman of the Chamber “could prolong and shorten the presence of his desire, like the ancient Zaes Homer, who continued the days and saturated fast nights, when it was necessary to stop the grandiose heroes or give them a means to fight” the VI, so that the examples from ancient mythology are inspired by more than one manican.

The fact that ancient paganism really served as a sample for a sensitive manilov is also evidenced by the inscription, which was decorated with a gazebo in his estate: “Temple of solitary thought” VI, a description of the Manilov estate E. Smirnova compares with the paintings of the Dante's first circle: “The heroes of the actual and mythological heroes who live in the limb are involuntarily resemble the names of Femistoklis and Alkid”, these names are in contact with the Manilov world, where sentimentalist dreams are eaten by manor patriotism.

The nomination of the children of Manilov looks not only not random, but very significant. Through the images of Femistoklus and Alkida, whose own names are also common names, a parody plan shines through, which gives both the visual details and the names of the “double shade”, but here Gogol is not “evil irony”, namely a parody. The ancient Greek myths and their heroes have repeatedly been subjected to the world verbal work of parody-travesty processing; For example, the figure of “comic Hercules” in the case of Gogol was not about the parody of “epic heroization” 17, but about the parody of the biographical stories of significant figures of ancient Greek history and mythology.

So, the ancient femicalist in childhood “was full of violent aspirations” and “itself developed an inclination to exploits and social activities”; His teacher more than once used to say to him: “From you, a boy, nothing mediocre, but something is very great-either good or evil! In the“ Dead Souls ”, Femistoklis’s militancy forces the teacher to take a“ harsh look ”:“ It was at the place, because Femistoklis bit Alkid’s ear, and alkid, he was ready to open his mouth, and was ready to blame the most miserable one In the way, having felt that it was easily possible to lose the dish, he brought his mouth to his former position and began to bite the bone with tears, from which both his cheeks were flashed with fat ”VI, in the character of the future hero, which is awaiting something very great, suddenly something evil is discovered, a sign of the bad inclinations of the bad inclinations.

The Greek name 20 is partly, he simply obliges him to follow the historical model, without calculating the power of the blow, killed his music teacher Lina, who resorted to punishment, and the heralds of Tsar Ergin, demanding tribute from the Thebans, he chopped off his noses, ears and hands and sent them instead The biographies of the mythological hero are served in parody lighting and openly travested.

Saying goodbye to Manilov’s children, Chichikov saw that they “were engaged in some kind of wooden hussar who had no hand or nose”; Femistoboklus, given his warlike inclinations, he is going to bring the saber, Alkida also promises a gift with a hint: “ - And you are a drum; Isn't it a drum? Such a glorious drum, that way will be: Farewell, Darling! The desires of Manilov’s children really look quite innocent.

Although they left a wooden hussar without a hand and without a nose, which causes comic associations with the act of Hercules, which brutally treated the royal heralds, the drum certainly does not threaten the role of mythological kifara: with this shock musical instrument, the timid alkid is unlikely to decide to hit his strict teacher. Chichikov calls Femistoklus and Alkid “cute babies” and “my crumbs” VI, however, the diminutive forms used by Chichikov are more likely to be connected with the sentimental atmosphere of the Manilov House, which he managed to plunge, than with the Christian way, there really is no child in the children of Manilov, which was so outraged by V. Rozanova, the devil characteristic of the symbolic gospel image; They obviously from the “world”, and not from the “kingdom of heaven”, and their comic image is related to a serious topic that the Dostoevsky “origin of evil, the first deviation from purity and innocence”, of course, is not that their celestial cartridges, and not Christian saints are the support of these heroes, and not these heroes.

Chichikov, for example, bears the name Pavel 24 for the Christian tradition, but his way of life and his actions do not differ special holiness. He offers Manilov to convey to him or give way to “not alive in reality, but living relatively legal form” VI, 34, and in a conversation with Sobakevich “did not call the soul in any way, but only non -existent” VI, the theme of the nonexistent, actualizing the problem of evil and its origin 25, is fundamentally important for the behavior of the acquirer of dead souls and the picture of the Manilovsky world.

In this sense, the confusion of the names of the village of Manilov and the non -existent luxilka is significant: “To the question, are the village of Zamanilovka far away, the men took off their hats, and one of them, the former and wore a beard with a wedge, answered:“ Manalovka, maybe, and not the lure? ” She is called this, that is, her nickname Manilovka, but there are no lumberries here at all.

There, right on the mountain, you will see a house, a stone, in two floors, a master's house, in which, that is, the master lives. This is manilovka for you, but there was absolutely no luminaires here and there was no VI, meanwhile, manilac, like a lure that is not at all, has the ability to lure and fool, exposing the significant signs of the “locality” with a fraudulent place where the imprint of imagination and fictitious lies, the names of Manilov children are also associated.

Manilov’s reasoning demonstrates his tendency to empty dreaminess, “so that this one would stir up the soul, it would give, so to speak, soaring a sort of soaring” VI, 29; It is noteworthy that all the “spotlights conceived by him and ended only with one words“ VI, Chichikov, whose strange request puts him at a standstill, Manilov takes for the same way as he himself: “Maybe you deigned to put it like this for the beauty of the syllable?

So the names that is, the words chosen by him for the children, Manilov certainly liked, but he still did not go to the point of business himself; It turned out that the names were given for the beauty of the syllable. At the first acquaintance of the Manilov, Chichikov seemed to “courteous and courteous” VI, but Femistoklis and Alkida had courtesy and courtesy, judging by their behavior, is clearly absent; It can be seen that the education of the children of Manilov, whose “the economy was somehow going on by itself” VI, 25, does not, preferring that it was somehow going on by its own, because the upbringing itself and is adv an advanced to the teacher, not accidentally making such a comical impression that the owner and guest were “ready to grin”, he “at that very moment opened his mouth and laughed with zeal.

He was probably a grateful person and wanted to pay this owner for good appeal "VI, this is the same fictitious teacher as the" spotlights "who occupy Manilov, like fictitious everything related to the non -existent manner of maneulovka, are fictitious. The Greek names that amused Chichikov partly embody Manilov's empty dreams about the heroic future of his children. These awkward names are akin to the awkward bridge, which is built in the imagination of Manilov in the next minute, you can’t say anything, but in the third you will say: the clock knows what it is!

His dreams are also noted fictitious. The names of ancient Greek heroes, exposing the layer of parody antiquity in the poem, do not serve as a characteristic of the children of Manilov and do not determine their future fate in the Gogol poem, they fulfill another function. Femistoklis and Alkid is not only the names-to-two names 32, the nodge of all the names-fiction, corresponding to the picture of the Manilov world, where everything, like Manilov himself, is truly “no one or ce”.

VI,