Biography Physics of Watt

His father was born in Grinok in the city of his father, who built and repaired a variety of instruments and cars from musical organs to cranes that served for lifting weights.

His parents, taking into account the poor health of little James, did not force him to study and provided him with a lot of freedom in choosing classes. In any case, mathematical classes at school and examples of his father did not remain without influence on development in young V. In general, he loved a lot and, by the way, occupied with natural sciences and medicine, so that in his young years he could not determine what his true calling was.

He never took any special courses, but he read a lot, thought and formed himself and became a multilaterally knowledgeable person. Watt's father, despite his hard work, was a very poor man and, knowing that his two sons would have to exist his personal labor, accustomed one to a commercial affair, and James decided to give a technical direction, which was completely consistent with his inclinations, as subsequently brilliantly confirmed.

First, the young V. then V., first, his material affairs went very tightly, but, at the end of G. at that time, the mechanics were not yet divided in his specialties, so V. And in this new technique, he knew how to show his abilities, although he did not have musical hearing at all. When the orders of this kind lacked, the activity in the field of mechanics of steam machines began in the city of this machine was also driven by ferry, which lifted the piston in the cylinder to the very top, after which water was sprayed under the piston, which turned most of the steam into the water, and then the atmospheric pressure drove down the piston down, see their history.

This kind of alternating movement took place with a great roar and extremely unevenly. Measuring the volumetric amount of steam passing from the boiler under the piston, B. If little water was sprayed, then it, turning part of the steam into the liquid state, was heated to a boil itself. Making systematic experiments on the elasticity of water vapor at various temperatures, over the volume of vapors formed from a certain volume of water, over the heating ability of steam, when it turns into water, V.

The transformation made by V. used V. The privilege was given by V. But the difficulties of practical implementation of the ideas V. Fortunately, people were found who understood the whole giant of the inventions of V., V. He rejected this proposal, wanting to engage in the final implementation of his enterprise, which even in England was very difficult, since there were few good workers, and at first there were no good mechanisms for pulling out metal cylinders, which constituted a necessary condition for the necessary condition For the correct movement of the piston.

If V. Bolton, having given his concerns and capital for this matter, at one time was close to ruin, but did not lose heart and did not part with Watt. From a year, because in the city, then he and Bolton conveyed affairs to his sons, and on vacation they surrendered to other classes. From the issuance of a privilege in B., the sequence of changes and improvements made by V.

initially the steam was letting under the piston, which rose, and the reverse movement came from the cargo, but the air did not let in the cylinder and did not cool it. Subsequently, V. to cool the steam by water V. This was eliminated the main reason for the cylinder cooling, and for a more complete preservation of the heat of V., alternating the piston up and down was transmitted in the machine of the rodmomen by the chain connecting it to the piston; V.

This extremely witty invention V. The arcuard movement of the other end of the rod alternately up and down was transmitted to the fly wheel, which received a continuous rotational movement from this. In addition, with the car, there was a device that controlled the pair into the cylinder to a good extent so that the car move was calm and uniform; This additional mechanism is called a conical pendulum, or a regulator.

The flywheel and the semblance of the regulator were used before in other mechanisms, but V. it also improved the device of steam boilers, supplying them with a mechanism for regulating the influx of water, which should always hold at the same level and other privateations. The very first Vatta cars, despite all their comparative imperfection, were so better than Newcomen's cars that these latter soon came out everywhere out of use.

When setting up new cars, the breeders paid the cost of them, and, in addition, they made V. This condition, obviously profitable for both sides, clearly shows the dignity of even the first cars of Watt. Until that time, mines, reaching a certain depth and poured with soil water, were left without further development, because the cars of the previous device were too weak for pumping water from great depths.

With the introduction of the machine V. with further improvements of the car V.The famous Walter Scott, in the preface to one of his novels, expresses the surprise of the heterogeneity of the knowledge of V. Experiments V. The famous French physicist Arago in his biography V. Arago claims this contrary to the general opinion that Cavendish was the first to prove this truth.

Be that as it may, V. such a choice was not at all the desire of profit, because, although he got rich at the end of his life, he was never a businessman, a practitioner in everyday affairs. He was so delicate in monetary obligations and so hated lawsuits and everyday troubles that, if not Bolton, V. In addition to steam vehicles, V. So, e.g. Family circumstances of famous people, especially long ago, have always attracted the attention of biographers, since they explain a lot in the activities of the public.

He was a good son, sad that his first everyday failures did not give the opportunity to improve his father's position; Brother V. He was not so idealist as in a few years to not marry a second time, but the second wife, with many undoubted virtues, was far from V. for her children, he was very attached, held on friendly relations with them, and they paid him with their love; The loss of children in different eras of life responded heavily at the mental calm of V.

Some of his sons were brought up in France, and since it was in the era of the prosperity of new social ideas, it is natural to assume that V. he was a member of the so -called lunar society in Birmingam, which enjoyed the reputation of too free thinkers in the eyes of the Birmachmians. Once the crowd rushed to set fire to the house of a parliament, a member of the same society, and V.

The consequence of this was the resettlement of a statement to America. The life of V. in Russian can be noted a good biographical essay of A. Kamensky, which makes one of the books of the F. biographical library in French is a surprisingly warm and multiply written biography of V.