Block Biography

Blok Alexander Alexandrovich 16 on November 28 August. The poet, one of the most outstanding representatives of Russian symbolism. Blok was born in St. Petersburg in the noble family of his father, A. Blok, was a lawyer, professor of Warsaw University; Mother, A. Beketova, daughter of the scientist-botanik A. Beketov, rector of St. Petersburg University. He was brought up in the family of his mother.

Blok's parents dispersed before the birth of his son. Blok began to write poetry early. In his autobiography, the poet mentioned that from early childhood he experienced the constant tides of "lyrical waves." The young bloc “published” manuscript magazines “published” in children's and adolescence, where he tried his strength in a variety of genres - from travel notes and feuilletons to translations, parodies and poems.

However, the “serious scripture” began only at the age of seventeen, after the end of the St. Petersburg Vvedensky gymnasium. The first period of the Creativity of GG. In the year, Blok entered the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University. He was seriously interested in the theater and even prepared to become an actor and was part of the troupe of the St. Petersburg dramatic circle for some time.

In the city of Roman, they lasted several years. He was reflected in passionately -sucking youth letters to Sadovskaya, as well as in many verses: the early and later cycle “Twelve years later”, in the summer of the year there was a meeting of the block with his future bride and wife - L. Mendeleeva, D. Mendeleeva, the period of early lyrics for the bloc, became a period of vague hopes, the search for the ideal, “Ideal.

God ", the spiritual foundations of life, wandering in" predawn twilight ". In the poet’s mind, his unusual poetic mythology was gradually formed, associated with the image-symbol of eternal femininity, a beautiful lady, with the ideas of the transformation of the world. At the beginning of the poetic path, the most close to him was the mystical romanticism of V.

The singer of nature, as Zhukovsky was called, taught the purity and hills of feelings, comprehending the beauty of the world, contacting the secret of God, faith in the possibility of penetrating the limits of the living. At this time, the block lived in anticipation of some unprecedented future changes. Sometimes he has apocalyptic sentiments. He often experiences the involvement of the sacraments of the world.

The block is intensively engaged in an ancient idealistic philosophy, is fond of Plato’s teaching about the spiritual essence of the universe. The poet believes in the existence of "other worlds", where true being is committed. One of the key events in the life of Blok was the acquaintance in the city of the poet opened the origins of his vague experiences, became clearer "mysticism, which was saturated with the air of recent years of the old and first years of the new century." Under the influence of Solovyov, Blok was increasingly capturing the thought of the embodiment of the ideal in earthly reality.

He believed in the possibility of contacting the ideal "other" and real worlds. All that happens "here" on Earth is, according to Solovyov, "only a reflection, only shadows from invisible eyes." The block lived by faith in the fact that there was already on Earth a personified image of eternal femininity, which Vl was dreaming of. Impuding L. Mendeleev, Blok wrote: “I met her here, and her earthly image, completely disharmonent with the unearthly, caused a block in me perceives his love for her as an exalted“ mystical novel ”, as an important action of the universal mystery of the renewal.

On many poems of the GG block. Meanwhile, the novel of the poet and L. Mendeleeva proceeded quite dramatically: with alienation and misunderstanding on her part, with his desperation, thoughts of suicide, with the torment of unnecessary hopes, anxiety, real and mystical jealousy. Finally November 7, Lyubov Dmitrievna agreed to become his wife. Immediately after this event, the poem was written “I kept them in the aisle of John Blok switched from legal to the historical and philological faculty of St.

Petersburg University. From the beginning of the 10th. In January G. Blok with his wife, the marriage took place in August Bryusov, K. The Blok's Early Poems compiled the first book, published in October of the year, -“ Poems about the beautiful lady. ” The “poems about the beautiful lady” was almost a central place in the ranks of the Symbolists. His second book, "Unexpected Joy", made the poet’s name in wide writer circles popular.

This collection includes poetry among them "Stranger", "The girl sang in the church choir", "Autumn wave". Sound magic of poems fascinated the listeners. By the force of influence on the reader at that time, the block was one of the most significant poets. The hero of the block becomes the inhabitant of the noisy city streets, eagerly peering into life.

And the poem "Autumn Wave" was the first embodiment of the theme of the Motherland in the work of the Blok, which he will devote his whole life in the future.Nekrasov’s intonations appear in the verses - love for the Motherland - love -disposal, an understanding that its fate cannot be represented in isolation from it. The poet turns to drama. When the block felt the desire and need to say a new word, the genre of theatrical action became a natural form.

In the year, three lyrical dramas were written by the block - "Stranger", "King in the Square", "Balaganchik". The defeat of the first Russian revolution affected not only the fate of the poetic school of symbolism, but also on the personal fate of each of its adherents. Strengthening in the block of civil indignation and protest led him to weakening of ties with former like -minded people.

In his diary, Blok wrote: "No symbolisms are more: I am not a boy, I am responsible for everything." Unable to organize the publication of its own magazine, the block is actively included in the literary struggle. The second half of the years is characterized by the appearance of a large number of its literary, critical and journalistic works. Nevertheless, these years were generally crisis for the block.

He experienced them as a period of "timelessness" in the city of Blok wrote an article under the name when the ideals faded, the devastation and despair came up when the sinful "earth" and the bright "sky" mixed in consciousness. The decline in the expectations of the revolution, and the dramatic vicissitudes of his personal life, the Bloc, did not live up to the family, the conflict with Andrei Bely, played here.

Increasingly, the motives of bitter irony and skepticism arise in the poet’s work. In this situation, the block plunged into the "Dionysian" element of oblivion and delight. He longed for the boundless completeness of being and rapture by art that would overshadow the imperfection of the world, dulled from unreleased hopes. The culmination of that turbulent time was the passionate and unrequited hobby of the poet of the St.

Petersburg actress N. It is devoted to the cycle of poems "Snow Mask", written in the winter of G. Cycle "On the Kulikovo field" - a stage work of the poet.

The author’s note to this cycle is significantly: "The Battle of Kulikovo belongs to the symbolic events of Russian history. Such events are destined to return. They are still ahead of them." A trip to Italy in April G. The impressions made by him from this trip were embodied in the cycle "Italian poems." On the one hand, he almost hostilely perceived the atmosphere of European civilization, but on the other hand he felt eternity, the incorruptibility of a high spirit, genuine creativity, defeating death and time.

In these poems, the block remains the finest lyrics, singing beauty and love. At the end of November, Blok, having received news of the father’s hopeless illness, goes to Warsaw, but does not have time to catch him alive. Warsaw impressions, thoughts about the fate of the father, family contributed to the emergence of the intended poem "Retribution", on which Blok worked until the end of his life and which remained incomplete.

The block intended to show in it against a wide background of the Russian reality of the second half of the XIX century. The main theme of his work Blok considers the theme of the Motherland. From the first poem about Russia, “Autumn Wave”, “Autumn Love”, “Russia”, a two -faced image of the country arises - beggar, praying and at the same time free, wild, robbery: Russia, beggar Russia, my gray are your gray -haired, your winds like tears as first love!

At the turn of the x Blok more and more acutely felt the need for the internal synthesis of his worldview. Fatigue and humility gives rise to the whole hopeless everyday life of the "terrible world", to the "feat of masculinity" appears faith in Russia, in art, to the future. The tragic perception of reality in the Blok over the years not only did not weaken, but grew.

This was evidenced by the fourth collection of poems "Night Clock" feeling the border of the first two decades of the two centuries as the completion of a certain stage of development, Blok felt the need to comprehend the path he traveled. It was from such generalizing positions that the article “On the current state of Russian symbolism” that had a programmatic nature was written, in which he not only outlined his understanding of symbolist art, but also characterized the essence of his own artistic searches, substantiating the inevitability of the crisis, outlining the possibility of leaving it.