Biography of Nikola Tesla

What Ilon Musk invented in the year, together with a team of talented engineers, founded a company aimed at developing and manufacturing electric vehicles. The company is called Tesla Motors Currently Tesla, Inc. It was Tesla who more than a century ago developed a diagram of an electric motor, which is still used today in modern electric vehicles. It still remains a mystery how he managed to create such an invention at the dawn of the development of modern physics.

However, this is only one of many secrets surrounding the inventions and the biography of this scientist. The first years of life and training of Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla was born on July 10 in the Serbian village of Smilyany, which at that time was part of the Austrian Empire later than Austria-Hungary. He was seen a career as a clergyman, since his father and mother's grandfather were priests.

However, from an early age, Nicola showed great interest in the exact sciences and dreamed of becoming an engineer. He was going to enter the seminary, fearing to upset his parents with his choice. The chance to fulfill his dream was presented during an epidemic of cholera. Seeing how the disease exhausted his son, his father not only allowed him to follow his dream, but also promised to help with admission to the best technical educational institution in Europe.

In the year, Tesla entered the Higher Technical School in Graz now Graz Technical University. He himself considered this date the beginning of his real life. Nicola was passionate about study and was engaged in incredible zeal. He quickly became one of the best students on the course. Teachers began to put Tesla as an example, which caused hostility and envy from classmates, and subsequently, I was injured.

In despair, Tesla decided to try to lead the lifestyle of most students: to visit bars and play gambling. It all started with billiards, and ended with cards. Naturally, there was less and less time to study. As a result, in December, he was expelled from the school for poor performance and inappropriate behavior. However, such a sharp turn of events did not stop his fall.

It is not known how it would end if in March, he, like a tramp, had not been sent home on a police protocol. Tesla recalled about this period in his diaries with bitterness and shame, because he not only left his favorite business, but also plunged his family into debt. After a serious conversation, first with his father, and then with his mother, a dissimilar player and a drink fan forever died in him.

Life in Europe and the first inventions left behind a rampant life, Tesla, again covered by a thirst for knowledge, went to Prague to continue education. A year later, one of the maternal relatives offered him a work on the construction of a telephone station in Budapest: there were qualified and energetic engineers. The young man happily agreed, as he was unsatisfied with the level of study at the University of Prague.

The work in the company was quite easy for Nikola: thanks to the low rate of construction, he had time for walking along Budapest and reflection on science. It was in Budapest that Tesla made his first significant invention - a telephone amplifier. The news about him quickly spread throughout Europe and created a good reputation to a young scientist. Thanks to this, at the end of the construction of the telephone station in the year, Tesla easily got a job in the Continental Edison Company continental company in Paris.

In the capital of France, he worked as an engineer for the installation and repair of electrical installations. In the year, Nicolas Tesle was entrusted with the launch of a new power station at the Railway Station in Strasbourg, promising, if successful, an impressive reward of $ 25 is a huge amount at that time. The fact is that during the first attempt to open the station in the presence of high-ranking persons, a fire occurred due to a short circuit at the substation, and the wall collapsed.

Therefore, the new power station had to be launched as soon as possible. Tesla brilliantly coped with this difficult task, but the head of the local department Continental Edison Company refused to pay the promised prize. The insulted beginner inventor, despite the almost complete absence of savings, immediately quit. Thoughts about Russia and moving to America without work, Nikola Tesla faced a difficult choice.

He seriously considered the possibility of moving to Russia. He was attracted by a high level of training and the inquisitive mind of Russian engineers, whom he met in Paris. One of his acquaintances, Alexei Zharkevich, even prepared a letter of recommendation to the professor of Moscow University Nikolai Lyubimov. However, an employee of Continental Edison Company dissuaded Tesla from this idea by offering him a work in America with Thomas Edison, who at that time was an idol of the young inventor.

The proposed conditions seemed acceptable to Nicola. As a result, on July 6, Tesla arrived in America. Work in Edison was in America, Tesla was incredibly happy.Behind Paris remained behind Paris and a long, painful swimming on the ship, and ahead of it was waiting for the work as an engineer for the repair of electric motors and direct current generators for one of the greatest inventors of that time - Thomas Edison.

Tesla enthusiastically took up his duties. He easily and quickly eliminated any problems in the existing inventions of the company. Seeing the talent and enthusiasm of a young engineer, Edison began to entrust him with more and more difficult tasks. Once he promised Nicola 50 dollars, if he could structurally improve direct current electric machines, the patented by the company, they often failed.

Tesla successfully coped with the task, introducing 24 new versions of devices, and asked about the promised prize. Edison laughed and replied that the Serb did not understand American humor: there will be no bonus, and the maximum that Nikola could count on is an increase in a salary of $ 10 a week. Tesla considered this proposal humiliating, abandoned him and quit. Through thorns, working in the company of Edison to his own laboratory, Tesla gained fame in certain circles.

Pretty quickly there were people who suggested creating a new company associated with electric lighting. Tesla liked the idea. He began studies in a new direction, the result of which was the invention of an arc lamp for street lighting. In addition to the lamps, Nicola invited the companions to study alternating current, but they refused to pay the scientist the money to be the money for the work done.

Instead, they proposed that the company's non -worthless shares in the company. Realizing that it would not be possible to agree, the pseudo -provers got rid of Tesla, slandering and discrediting it. Nicola was left again without work and money, but this time also with a blurred reputation, which is why no one wanted to hire it. Tesla rented a room under the office on the fifth Avenue, not far from Edison’s office, trying to show his former employer and offender that he, in spite of everything, continues to work and succeeds.

The reputation of the inventor began to recover. He was interested in the president of the American Institute of Electric Engineers Currently, IEEE, the Institute of Electrical Engineers and Electronics Engineers. In May, at his invitation, Tesla gave a lecture to a group of scientists about his system of engines and alternating current transformers.

It is unlikely that Tesla could then imagine that at the beginning of the XXI century, the energy density of energy reaches a level that would allow the truck to drive hundreds of kilometers on one battery charge. It is these characteristics that Tesla promises for its FOR SEMI. The first Semi deliveries began in December. This lecture contributed to the acquaintance of Nikola with the famous industrialist George Westingauz, who bought more than 40 patents from Tesla, and also invited him to the position of consultant to his plants in Pittsburgh, where industrial models of alternating current were developed.

Nicola gladly accepted the proposal, because, after several years of unsuccessful attempts to convince everyone of the prospect of alternating current, he finally met a like -minded person. The industrialist was ready not only to invest in his development, but also to provide the scientist with everything necessary for work. Cooperation lasted about a year, after which Tesla returned to his laboratory in New York, since because of the problems in the team, work in Westingus did not bring him satisfaction and took a lot of time, depriving the opportunity to engage in new inventions.

There are two types of currents of currents: alternating and constant. A variable current has two main advantages over the constant: the ability to transfer electricity over long distances with minimal losses, as well as the simplicity and reliability of machines - generators and engines. However, at the end of the 19th century, few believed in this, since the main authority in the science of that time, industrialist Thomas Edison, claimed the opposite.

In the year, more than a hundred DC power plants worked in the USA. Edison planned to significantly increase this number and cover the entire country with a network of his power plants, from Alaska to Florida. However, Westingus and Tesla stood in his way, who relied on alternating current. The great confrontation began between scientists and entrepreneurs, called the "War of Toks".

According to the memoirs of Nikola Tesla, to win in this difficult struggle, Edison resorted to the “black” PR, for example, spread rumors about the danger of alternating current for life, unlike constant. He even contributed to the adoption of the law on an electric chair, which used alternating current to configure public opinion against alternating current. However, in the year, Tesla and Westingau managed to win and get a huge order for lighting the World Exhibition in Chicago Lamps.

Tesla finally got the opportunity to work calmly. He was actively engaged in the study of high frequency currents and the possibility of obtaining light through high -frequency vibrations in incandescent lamps. According to the scientist, the first half of the 19th years became the most productive period of his life, but on March 13, a tragedy happened: a fire occurred in the laboratory on the fifth Avenue.

Recent achievements of the inventor: a mechanical oscillator, a stand for testing new lamps, a layout of a device for wireless transmission of long distances and installation for the study of the nature of electricity - burned to the ground, like the building itself. Many accused Edison of involvement in the fire, but Tesla himself denied this. The wireless transmission of signals during the fire burned the first three prototypes of remotely controlled devices, but Tesla was able to recreate them quickly from memory.

For demonstration at an electric exhibition in New York, he chose a radio-controlled boat. Unfortunately, the audience was cooked coolly. Only the military who saw the opportunity to use it as a means for torpedoing enemy ships, but the high cost of the project immediately cooled their interest, became interested in it. The glory of the discoverer in the field of wireless signal transmission was undeservedly in Gulelmo Marconi, who at the same exhibition demonstrated mines exploding along the radio signal.

In the year, the Italian intended to patent his opening in the United States to transfer radio signals to a distance, but the patent bureau refused him, citing the fact that this patent was previously received by Tesla. This did not stop Marconi, and in the year, and not in him, he achieved the cancellation of Tesla patents and recognition of his championship in this area.

There are suggestions that this happened not without the help of Edison. Justice triumphed only after the death of Tesla. Although, in fairness, it is worth noting that in different countries the inventor of the radio is considered different scientists; For example, in Russia - physics of Alexander Popov. The world system, in addition to wireless communication and radio signals, Tesla was engaged in the study of wireless energy transmission.

He called his project "World System".